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What Does It Mean to Be Born-again?

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This article is almost the Christian term. For other uses, come across Born Again.

Evangelical Christian term

Born again, or to experience the new birth, is a phrase, peculiarly in evangelicalism, that refers to a "spiritual rebirth", or a regeneration of the human spirit. In contrast to i's concrete birth, being "born again" is distinctly and separately caused past baptism in the Holy Spirit, information technology is non caused by baptism in water. It is a core doctrine of the denominations of the Methodist, Quaker, Baptist, and Pentecostal Churches along with all other evangelical Christian denominations. All of these Churches strongly believe Jesus' words in the Gospels: "You lot must exist built-in again before you can see, or enter, the Kingdom of Sky." Their doctrines also mandate that to be both "built-in again" and "saved", one must have a personal and intimate human relationship with Jesus Christ.[1] [2] [iii] [4] [5] [6]

In contemporary Christian usage and apart from evangelicalism, the term is distinct from like terms which are sometimes used in Christianity in reference to a person who is being or condign a Christian. This usage of the term is usually linked to baptism with water and the related doctrine of baptismal regeneration. Individuals who profess to be "built-in once more" (meaning in the "Holy Spirit") often state that they take a "personal human relationship with Jesus Christ".[vii] [5] [6]

In addition to using this phrase with those who practice not profess to exist Christians, some Evangelical Christians use the phrase and deliver those who belong to other Christian denominations or groups. This practice is based on the belief that non-Evangelical Christians, fifty-fifty those Christians who are professed Christians, are not "born again" and do not accept a "personal human relationship with Jesus." They therefore believe that they should deliver to not-Evangelical Christians in the same style that they would evangelize to people who do not profess the Christian faith.

The phrase "born again" is too used as an adjective to depict individual members of the movement who espouse this belief, and information technology is too used as an adjective to describe the movement itself ("born-once again Christian" and the "born-again motility").

Origin [edit]

Jesus and Nicodemus painting by Alexander Bida, 1874

The term is derived from an effect in the Gospel of John in which the words of Jesus were not understood by a Jewish pharisee, Nicodemus.

Jesus replied, "Very truly I tell you, no one can meet the kingdom of God unless they are built-in again." "How can someone exist born when they are old?" Nicodemus asked. "Surely they cannot enter a second time into their mother's womb to be born!" Jesus answered, "Very truly I tell you, no ane can enter the kingdom of God unless they are born of h2o and the Spirit."

—Gospel of John, John chapter 3, verses three–v, NIV[eight]

The Gospel of John was written in Koine Greek, and the original text is cryptic which results in a double entendre that Nicodemus misunderstands. The word translated as over again is ἄνωθεν (ánōtʰen), which could hateful either "again", or "from higher up".[9] The double entendre is a figure of speech that the gospel writer uses to create bewilderment or misunderstanding in the hearer; the misunderstanding is then clarified past either Jesus or the narrator. Nicodemus takes only the literal meaning from Jesus'southward statement, while Jesus clarifies that he ways more of a spiritual rebirth from higher up. English translations have to pick one sense of the phrase or another; the NIV, King James Version, and Revised Version utilize "born once again", while the New Revised Standard Version[x] and the New English language Translation[11] prefer the "born from to a higher place" translation.[12] Most versions will notation the alternative sense of the phrase anōthen in a footnote.

Edwyn Hoskyns argues that "born from above" is to be preferred as the fundamental pregnant and he drew attending to phrases such every bit "birth of the Spirit",[xiii] "birth from God",[14] only maintains that this necessarily carries with it an emphasis upon the newness of the life as given by God himself.[xv]

The final use of the phrase occurs in the First Epistle of Peter, rendered in the King James Version as:

Seeing ye accept purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren, [meet that ye] love one another with a pure heart fervently: / Being born over again, not of corruptible seed, but of incorruptible, past the word of God, which liveth and abideth for ever.

—1 Peter 1:22-23[16]

Here, the Greek give-and-take translated every bit "built-in again" is ἀναγεγεννημένοι ( anagegennēménoi ).[17]

Interpretations [edit]

The traditional Jewish understanding of the promise of salvation is interpreted as being rooted in "the seed of Abraham"; that is, concrete lineage from Abraham. Jesus explained to Nicodemus that this doctrine was in error—that every person must accept ii births—natural nascence of the physical body and some other of the water and the spirit.[18] This discourse with Nicodemus established the Christian belief that all homo beings—whether Jew or Gentile—must exist "born again" of the spiritual seed of Christ. The Apostle Peter further reinforced this understanding in i Peter one:23.[19] [17] The Catholic Encyclopedia states that "[a] controversy existed in the archaic church over the interpretation of the expression the seed of Abraham. It is [the Campaigner Paul'due south] teaching in one case that all who are Christ'south past faith are Abraham's seed, and heirs according to hope. He is concerned, however, with the fact that the hope is not being fulfilled to the seed of Abraham (referring to the Jews)."[20]

Charles Hodge writes that "The subjective modify wrought in the soul by the grace of God, is variously designated in Scripture" with terms such every bit new nascency, resurrection, new life, new creation, renewing of the mind, dying to sin and living to righteousness, and translation from darkness to light.[21]

Jesus used the "nascency" analogy in tracing spiritual newness of life to a divine beginning. Contemporary Christian theologians have provided explanations for "born from above" beingness a more accurate translation of the original Greek word transliterated anōthen. [22] Theologian Frank Stagg cites ii reasons why the newer translation is significant:

  1. The emphasis "from higher up" (implying "from Heaven") calls attention to the source of the "newness of life". Stagg writes that the word "again" does not include the source of the new kind of beginning;
  2. More personal comeback is needed. "a new destiny requires a new origin, and the new origin must be from God."[23]

An early example of the term in its more than modern use appears in the sermons of John Wesley. In the sermon entitled A New Birth he writes, "none can be holy unless he exist born again", and "except he be born once more, none can be happy even in this world. For ... a man should not be happy who is not holy." Also, "I say, [a man] may be born again then become an heir of salvation." Wesley besides states infants who are baptized are born again, only for adults it is different:

our church building supposes, that all who are baptized in their infancy, are at the same time built-in once more. ... Simply ... information technology is sure all of riper years, who are baptized, are not at the aforementioned time built-in again.[24]

A Unitarian work called The Gospel Anchor noted in the 1830s that the phrase was not mentioned by the other Evangelists, nor by the Apostles except Peter. "Information technology was non regarded by whatsoever of the Evangelists just John of sufficient importance to record." It adds that without John, "we should hardly have known that it was necessary for ane to exist built-in again." This suggests that "the text and context was meant to employ to Nicodemus particularly, and not to the world."[25]

Historicity [edit]

Scholars of historical Jesus, that is, attempting to define how closely the stories of Jesus match the historical events they are based on, more often than not treat Jesus'due south chat with Nicodemus in John 3 with skepticism. Information technology details what is presumably a private chat betwixt Jesus and Nicodemus, with none of the disciples seemingly attending, making it unclear how a record of this conversation was acquired. In improver, the chat is recorded in no other ancient Christian source other than John and works based on John.[26] According to Bart Ehrman, the larger issue is that the same trouble English translations of the Bible accept with the Greek ἄνωθεν (anōthen) is a problem in the Aramaic linguistic communication every bit well: there is no single word in Aramaic that means both "again" and "from above", even so the conversation rests on Nicodemus making this misunderstanding.[27] Equally the conversation was between 2 Jews in Jerusalem, where Aramaic was the native language, at that place is no reason to retrieve that they'd have spoken in Greek.[26] This implies that even if based on a real chat, the author of John heavily modified it to include Greek wordplay and idiom.[26]

Denominational positions [edit]

The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics notes: "The GSS ... has asked a built-in-again question on three occasions ... 'Would y'all say you have been 'born again' or accept had a 'born-over again' experience?" The Handbook says that "Evangelical, black, and Latino Protestants tend to answer similarly, with about two-thirds of each group answering in the affirmative. In contrast, but about ane third of mainline Protestants and i sixth of Catholics (Anglo and Latino) merits a built-in-once more feel." Even so, the handbook suggests that "born-again questions are poor measures even for capturing evangelical respondents. ... it is likely that people who report a built-in-once more experience also claim it equally an identity."[28]

Catholicism [edit]

Historically, the classic text from John 3 was consistently interpreted past the early church fathers as a reference to baptism.[29] Modern Catholic interpreters have noted that the phrase 'built-in from in a higher place' or 'born once more'[30] is antiseptic every bit 'existence born of water and Spirit'.[31]

Catholic commentator John F. McHugh notes, "Rebirth, and the first of this new life, are said to come up about ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, of h2o and spirit. This phrase (without the article) refers to a rebirth which the early on Church regarded as taking identify through baptism."[32]

The Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) notes that the essential elements of Christian initiation are: "annunciation of the Give-and-take, acceptance of the Gospel entailing conversion, profession of organized religion, Baptism itself, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, and admission to Eucharistic communion."[33] Baptism gives the person the grace of forgiveness for all prior sins; it makes the newly baptized person a new animal and an adopted son of God;[34] it incorporates them into the Torso of Christ[35] and creates a sacramental bond of unity leaving an indelible mark on our souls.[36] "Incorporated into Christ by Baptism, the person baptized is configured to Christ. Baptism seals the Christian with the indelible spiritual mark (character) of his belonging to Christ. No sin tin can erase this marking, even if sin prevents Baptism from bearing the fruits of conservancy. Given once for all, Baptism cannot be repeated."[37] The Holy Spirit is involved with each aspect of the motion of grace. "The outset work of the grace of the Holy Spirit is conversion. ... Moved by grace, homo turns toward God and away from sin, thus accepting forgiveness and righteousness from on high."[38]

The Catholic Church too teaches that under special circumstances the demand for water baptism tin can be superseded by the Holy Spirit in a 'baptism of want', such as when catechumens dice or are martyred prior to receiving baptism.[39]

Pope John Paul Two wrote in Catechesi Tradendae nearly "the problem of children baptized in infancy [who] come for catechesis in the parish without receiving whatever other initiation into the faith and still without any explicit personal attachment to Jesus Christ.".[40] He noted that "being a Christian ways proverb 'aye' to Jesus Christ, merely let us remember that this 'yes' has two levels: It consists of surrendering to the word of God and relying on information technology, but information technology also means, at a later stage, endeavoring to know better—and amend the profound significant of this word."[41]

The mod expression beingness "born again" is really well-nigh the concept of "conversion".

The National Directory of Catechesis (published by the Usa Conference of Catholic Bishops, USCCB) defines conversion as, "the acceptance of a personal relationship with Christ, a sincere adherence to him, and a willingness to conform one's life to his."[42] To put information technology more than but "Conversion to Christ involves making a genuine commitment to him and a personal conclusion to follow him as his disciple."[42]

Echoing the writings of Pope John Paul II, the National Directory of Catechesis describes a new intervention required by our modern world chosen the "New Evangelization". The New Evangelization is directed to the Church building herself, to the baptized who were never effectively evangelized before, to those who have never made a personal commitment to Christ and the Gospel, to those formed by the values of the secular culture, to those who have lost a sense of faith, and to those who are alienated.[43]

Declan O'Sullivan, co-founder of the Catholic Men's Fellowship and knight of the Sovereign Military Order of Republic of malta, wrote that the "New Evangelization emphasizes the personal encounter with Jesus Christ as a pre-condition for spreading the gospel. The born-again feel is not merely an emotional, mystical high; the really important matter is what happened in the convert'southward life after the moment or period of radical modify."[44]

Lutheranism [edit]

The Lutheran Church holds that "we are cleansed of our sins and born again and renewed in Holy Baptism by the Holy Ghost. But she also teaches that whoever is baptized must, through daily contrition and repentance, drown The One-time Adam so that daily a new man come forth and ascend who walks before God in righteousness and purity forever. She teaches that whoever lives in sins after his baptism has again lost the grace of baptism."[45]

Moravianism [edit]

With regard to the New Nativity, the Moravian Church holds that a personal conversion to Christianity is a joyful feel, in which the individual "accepts Christ as Lord" subsequently which organized religion "daily grows within the person."[46] For Moravians, "Christ lived equally a human because he wanted to provide a blueprint for future generations" and "a converted person could try to alive in his image and daily become more similar Jesus."[46] As such, "heart religion" characterizes Moravian Christianity.[46] The Moravian Church has historically emphasized evangelism, specially missionary piece of work, to spread the faith.[47]

Anglicanism [edit]

The phrase born again is mentioned in the 39 Manufactures of the Anglican Church in commodity XV, entitled "Of Christ alone without Sin". In part, it reads: "sin, every bit South. John saith, was not in Him. But all we the rest, although baptized and built-in again in Christ, yet offend in many things: and if nosotros say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in the states."[48]

Although the phrase "baptized and born again in Christ" occurs in Commodity 15, the reference is clearly to the scripture passage in John 3:3.[49]

Reformed [edit]

In Reformed theology, Holy Baptism is the sign and the seal of one's regeneration, which is of comfort to the believer.[50] The time of one'south regeneration, however, is a mystery to oneself according to the Canons of Dort.[l]

According to the Reformed churches being built-in again refers to "the in working of the Spirit which induces the sinner to respond to the effectual telephone call". Co-ordinate to the Westminster Shorter Catechism, Q 88, "the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the word, sacraments, and prayer; all of which are made effectual to the elect for salvation."[51] Effectual calling is "the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he doth persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to the states in the gospel."[52] [53]

In Reformed theology, "regeneration precedes faith."[54] Samuel Storms writes that, "Calvinists insist that the sole cause of regeneration or being born over again is the will of God. God first sovereignly and efficaciously regenerates, and only in outcome of that do we act. Therefore, the individual is passive in regeneration, neither preparing himself nor making himself receptive to what God will do. Regeneration is a modify wrought in us past God, not an democratic act performed by us for ourselves."[55]

Quakerism [edit]

The Central Yearly Meeting of Friends, a Holiness Quaker denomination, teaches that regeneration is the "divine work of initial conservancy (Tit. three:5), or conversion, which involves the accompanying works of justification (Rom. five:18) and adoption (Rom. eight:fifteen, 16)."[3] In regeneration, which occurs in the New Birth], there is a "transformation in the heart of the believer wherein he finds himself a new creation in Christ (II Cor. 5:17; Col. one:27)."[3]

Following the New Nascence, George Pull a fast one on taught the possibility of "holiness of center and life through the instantaneous baptism with the Holy Spirit subsequent to the new nativity" (cf. Christian perfection).[56]

Methodism [edit]

In Methodism, the "new birth is necessary for salvation because information technology marks the move toward holiness. That comes with organized religion."[1] John Wesley, held that the New Birth "is that peachy change which God works in the soul when he brings information technology into life, when he raises it from the death of sin to the life of righteousness."[58] [ane] In the life of a Christian, the new nativity is considered the first piece of work of grace.[59] In keeping with Wesleyan-Arminian covenant theology, the Articles of Religion, in Article XVII—Of Baptism, state that baptism is a "sign of regeneration or the new birth."[sixty] The Methodist Visitor in describing this doctrine, admonishes individuals: "'Ye must exist built-in again.' Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Acknowledge Him to your heart. 'Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and thousand shalt be saved.'"[61] [62] Methodist theology teaches that the New Birth contains ii phases that occur together, justification and regeneration:[63]

Though these ii phases of the new birth occur simultaneously, they are, in fact, two separate and singled-out acts. Justification is that gracious and judicial human action of God whereby a soul is granted complete absolution from all guilt and a full release from the penalty of sin (Romans iii:23-25). This act of divine grace is wrought past faith in the claim of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ (Romans five:ane). Regeneration is the impartation of divine life which is manifested in that radical change in the moral grapheme of man, from the love and life of sin to the love of God and the life of righteousness (two Corinthians v:17; 1 Peter 1:23). ―Principles of Faith, Emmanuel Association of Churches[63]

Baptists [edit]

Baptists teach that a person is born again when they believe that Jesus died for their sin, and was buried, and rose again (i Cor xv:three-four), and that past believing/trusting in Jesus' expiry, burial and resurrection, eternal life shall be granted as a gift by God (John 3:xiv-16, Acts 10:43, Romans 6:23). Those who take been born again, according to Baptist educational activity, know that they are "a child of God because the Holy Spirit witnesses to them that they are" (cf. assurance).[64]

Pentecostalism [edit]

Pentecost by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld. Woodcut for "Die Bibel in Bildern", 1860.

Holiness Pentecostals historically teach the new nascency (first work of grace), unabridged sanctification (second work of grace) and baptism with the Holy Spirit, as evidenced by glossolalia, as the third work of grace.[65] [66] The New Nascency, co-ordinate to Pentecostal pedagogy, imparts "spiritual life".[four]

Jehovah'due south Witnesses [edit]

Jehovah's Witnesses believe that individuals do not have the power to cull to be built-in once more, but that God calls and selects his followers "from above".[67] Only those belonging to the "144,000" are considered to be born again.[68] [69]

The Church building of Jesus Christ of Latter-twenty-four hours Saints [edit]

The Book of Mormon emphasizes the demand for everyone to be reborn of God.[70]

Disagreements between denominations [edit]

The term "built-in over again" is used past several Christian denominations, but in that location are disagreements on what the term means, and whether members of other denominations are justified in claiming to exist built-in-again Christians.

Cosmic Answers says:

Catholics should enquire [Evangelical] Protestants, "Are you born again—the way the Bible understands that concept?" If the Evangelical has not been properly water baptized, he has not been built-in once more "the Bible way," regardless of what he may think.[71]

On the other hand, an Evangelical site argues:

Some other of many examples is the Catholic who claims he likewise is "born once more." ... However, what the committed Catholic ways is that he received his spiritual birth when he was baptized—either as an infant or when as an adult he converted to Catholicism. That's not what Jesus meant when He told Nicodemus he "must be born again."[72] The deliberate adoption of biblical terms which take dissimilar meanings for Catholics has go an effective tool in Rome'south ecumenical agenda.[73]

The Reformed view of regeneration may be set up apart from other outlooks in at to the lowest degree two ways.

Get-go, classical Roman Catholicism teaches that regeneration occurs at baptism, a view known equally baptismal regeneration. Reformed theology has insisted that regeneration may take place at any fourth dimension in a person's life, even in the womb. Information technology is not somehow the automatic result of baptism. Second, it is common for many other evangelical branches of the church to speak of repentance and faith leading to regeneration (i.e., people are born again merely after they exercise saving faith). By contrast, Reformed theology teaches that original sin and full depravity deprive all people of the moral ability and will to practise saving faith. ... Regeneration is entirely the work of God the Holy Spirit - we can do nothing on our own to obtain it. God alone raises the elect from spiritual decease to new life in Christ.[74] [75]

History and usage [edit]

Historically, Christianity has used various metaphors to draw its rite of initiation, that is, spiritual regeneration via the sacrament of baptism by the ability of the water and the spirit. This remains the common agreement in most of Christendom, held, for example, in Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, Lutheranism,[45] Anglicanism,[76] and in other historic branches of Protestantism. However, former after the Reformation, Evangelicalism attributed greater significance to the expression built-in again [77] as an feel of religious conversion,[78] symbolized by deep-water baptism, and rooted in a commitment to i's own personal faith in Jesus Christ for conservancy. This aforementioned belief is, historically, also an integral part of Methodist doctrine,[79] [80] and is continued with the doctrine of Justification.[81]

According to Encyclopædia Britannica:

'Rebirth' has often been identified with a definite, temporally datable course of 'conversion'. ... With the voluntaristic type, rebirth is expressed in a new alignment of the will, in the liberation of new capabilities and powers that were hitherto undeveloped in the person concerned. With the intellectual type, it leads to an activation of the capabilities for understanding, to the breakthrough of a "vision". With others information technology leads to the discovery of an unexpected dazzler in the order of nature or to the discovery of the mysterious significant of history. With nevertheless others information technology leads to a new vision of the moral life and its orders, to a selfless realization of love of neighbour. ... each person afflicted perceives his life in Christ at any given time as "newness of life."[82]

According to J. Gordon Melton:

Born again is a phrase used past many Protestants to describe the phenomenon of gaining faith in Jesus Christ. It is an experience when everything they have been taught every bit Christians becomes real, and they develop a direct and personal human relationship with God.[83]

According to Andrew Purves and Charles Partee:

Sometimes the phrase seems to exist judgmental, making a distinction between genuine and nominal Christians. Sometimes ... descriptive, similar the distinction betwixt liberal and conservative Christians. Occasionally, the phrase seems historic, like the sectionalisation betwixt Catholic and Protestant Christians. ... [the term] ordinarily includes the notion of homo selection in salvation and excludes a view of divine election by grace alone.[84]

The term born over again has become widely associated with the evangelical Christian renewal since the late 1960s, first in the United states of america and then around the world. Associated perhaps initially with Jesus People and the Christian counterculture, built-in again came to refer to a conversion experience, accepting Jesus Christ as lord and savior in lodge to exist saved from hell and given eternal life with God in heaven, and was increasingly used as a term to identify devout believers.[12] Past the mid-1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media equally function of the born again movement.

In 1976, Watergate conspirator Chuck Colson'southward book Built-in Again gained international notice. Fourth dimension magazine named him "One of the 25 most influential Evangelicals in America."[85] The term was sufficiently prevalent so that during the year's presidential entrada, Autonomous party nominee Jimmy Carter described himself as "built-in again" in the outset Playboy magazine interview of an American presidential candidate.

Colson describes his path to faith in conjunction with his criminal imprisonment and played a meaning part in solidifying the "born again" identity as a cultural construct in the US. He writes that his spiritual experience followed considerable struggle and hesitancy to have a "personal run into with God." He recalls:

while I saturday alone staring at the sea I love, words I had not been certain I could understand or say barbarous from my lips: "Lord Jesus, I believe in You. I accept Y'all. Please come into my life. I commit information technology to You." With these few words...came a sureness of mind that matched the depth of feeling in my center. In that location came something more: force and serenity, a wonderful new assurance about life, a fresh perception of myself in the earth around me.[86]

Jimmy Carter was the beginning President of the U.s. to publicly declare that he was born-once more, in 1976.[87] By the 1980 campaign, all three major candidates stated that they had been born again.[88]

Sider and Knippers[89] state that "Ronald Reagan's ballot that fall [was] aided past the votes of 61% of 'born-again' white Protestants."

The Gallup System reported that "In 2003, 42% of U.S. adults said they were born-again or evangelical; the 2004 percentage is 41%" and that, "Blackness Americans are far more likely to identify themselves as born-again or evangelical, with 63% of blacks proverb they are born-once more, compared with 39% of white Americans. Republicans are far more likely to say they are born-once again (52%) than Democrats (36%) or independents (32%)."[90]

The Oxford Handbook of Organized religion and American Politics, referring to several studies, reports "that 'built-in-again' identification is associated with lower support for authorities anti-poverty programs." It also notes that "self-reported born-once more" Christianity, "strongly shapes attitudes towards economic policy."[91]

Names which have been inspired past the term [edit]

The idea of "rebirth in Christ" has inspired[92] some mutual European forenames: French René/Renée, Dutch Renaat/Renate, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Croatian Renato/Renata, Latin Renatus/Renata, all of which mean "reborn", "built-in over again".[93]

See likewise [edit]

  • Altar phone call – Tradition in some Christian churches
  • Baptismal regeneration – Doctrines held past major Christian denomination
  • Born-over again virgin – Person who commits to abstinence after having had sexual intercourse
  • Child dedication – Deed of consecration of children
  • Jesus move – Former evangelical Christian motility
  • Dvija – Twice-built-in status of Hindu male subsequently Upanayana
  • Evangelism – Preaching the Gospel of Jesus Christ
  • Monergism – View within Christian theology
  • Sinner's prayer – Evangelical Christian term referring to whatever prayer of repentance

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c Joyner, F. Belton (2007). United Methodist Questions, United Methodist Answers: Exploring Christian Organized religion. Westminster John Knox Printing. p. 39. ISBN9780664230395 . Retrieved 10 April 2014. The new nascence is necessary for salvation because information technology marks the move toward holiness. That comes with faith.
  2. ^ Cathcart, William (1883). The Baptist Encyclopaedia: A Dictionary of the Doctrines, Ordinances ... of the General History of the Baptist Denomination in All Lands, with Numerous Biographical Sketches...& a Supplement. Fifty. H. Everts. p. 834.
  3. ^ a b c Manual of Religion and Practice of Central Yearly Meeting of Friends. Key Yearly Meeting of Friends. 2018. p. 26.
  4. ^ a b Woods, William Westward. (1965). Culture and Personality Aspects of the Pentecostal Holiness Religion. Mouton & Visitor. p. 18. ISBN978-three-11-204424-7.
  5. ^ a b Bornstein, Erica (2005). The spirit of evolution: Protestant NGOs, morality, and economics in Zimbabwe. Stanford University Press. ISBN9780804753364 . Retrieved thirty July 2011. A senior staff member in World Vision's California part elaborated on the importance of being "born again," emphasizing a fundamental "relationship" betwixt individuals and Jesus Christ: "...the importance of a personal relationship with Christ [is] that information technology'due south not but a affair of going to Christ or being baptized when you are an baby. We believe that people need to be regenerated. They need a spiritual rebirth. The demand to be born again. ...Yous must be born again before you lot can run into, or enter, the Kingdom of Heaven."
  6. ^ a b Lever, A. B. (2007). And God Said... ISBN9781604771152 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. From speaking to other Christians I know that the distinction of a born again believer is a personal experience of God that leads to a personal relationship with Him.
  7. ^ Price, Robert M. (1993). Across Born Again: Toward Evangelical Maturity. Wildside Press. ISBN9781434477484 . Retrieved 30 July 2011. I accept a personal relationship with Jesus Christ.
  8. ^ John 3:3-5
  9. ^ Danker, Frederick Due west., et al, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed (Chicago: University of Chicago,2010), 92. Specifically see the first (from to a higher place) and fourth (again, anew) meanings.
  10. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  11. ^ Jn 3:3 NET
  12. ^ a b Mullen, MS., in Kurian, GT., The Encyclopedia of Christian Civilisation, J. Wiley & Sons, 2012, p. 302.
  13. ^ Jn 1:5
  14. ^ cf. Jn 1:12-13; 1Jn 2:29, 3:9, 4:7, v:18
  15. ^ Hoskyns, Sir Edwyn C. and Davy, F.Northward.(ed), The Fourth Gospel, Faber & Faber 2d ed. 1947, pp. 211,212
  16. ^ 1Peter 1:22-23
  17. ^ a b Fisichella, SJ., Taking Abroad the Veil: To See Beyond the Curtain of Illusion, iUniverse, 2003, pp. 55-56.
  18. ^ Emmons, Samuel B. A Bible Dictionary. BiblioLife, 2008. ISBN 978-0-554-89108-eight.
  19. ^ 1Peter ane:23
  20. ^ Driscoll, James F. "Divine Promise (in Scripture)". The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. xv Nov 2009.[1]
  21. ^ "Systematic Theology - Volume Three - Christian Classics Ethereal Library". www.ccel.org . Retrieved eleven September 2019.
  22. ^ The New Attestation Greek Dictionary. thirty July 2009.
  23. ^ Stagg, Evelyn and Frank. Woman in the Globe of Jesus. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1978. ISBN 0-664-24195-half-dozen
  24. ^ Wesley, J., The works of the Reverend John Wesley, Methodist Episcopal Church, 1831, pp. 405–406.
  25. ^ LeFevre, CF. and Williamson, ID., The Gospel anchor. Troy, NY, 1831–32, p. 66. [ii]
  26. ^ a b c Ehrman, Bart (2016). Jesus Earlier the Gospels: How the Primeval Christians Remembered, Changed, and Invented Their Stories of the Savior. HarperOne. pp. 108–109. ISBN978-0062285201.
  27. ^ "Biblical Errancy: The "Born Again" Dialogue In the Gospel of John". Biblical Errancy . Retrieved eleven September 2019.
  28. ^ The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, OUP, p16.
  29. ^ Joel C. Elworthy, Ed. Ancient Christian Commentary on Scripture, New Testament IVa, John 1-10 (Downers Grove: Intervarsity Printing, 2007), p. 109-110
  30. ^ John three:iii
  31. ^ John 3:v
  32. ^ John F. McHugh, John ane-4, The International Critical Commentary (New York: T&T Clark, 2009), p. 227
  33. ^ CCC 1229
  34. ^ 2 Corinthians 5:17; 2 Peter 1:4
  35. ^ Ephesians 4:25
  36. ^ CCC 1262-1274
  37. ^ CCC 1272
  38. ^ CCC 1989
  39. ^ CCC 1260
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  41. ^ CT 20
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  61. ^ The Methodist Visitor. Elliot Stock, 62, Paternoster Row, E.C. 1876. p. 137. Ye must be born again." Yield to God that He may perform this work in and for you. Admit Him to your heart. "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and 1000 shalt be saved.
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  80. ^ Smith, Charles Spencer; Payne, Daniel Alexander (1922). A History of the African Methodist Episcopal Church building. Johnson Reprint Corporation. Retrieved nineteen Oct 2009. Whatsoever the Church building may do, and at that place is much that it can and should do, for the edification of homo's physical being, its primal work is the regeneration of human being's spiritual nature. Methodism has insisted on this as the supreme end and aim of the Church building.
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External links [edit]

  • The New Birth, John Wesley, sermon No. 45. Wesley's teaching on being born again, and argument that information technology is fundamental to Christianity.

clarkbeind2000.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Born_again

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